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Case Studies · Hydrocarbon & Chemical

Terrace-Wall Reformer High Emissivity Coating: Coated Fiber Modules Replace IFB at Terra Industries

Terrace-wall ammonia reformer (twin cell, 190 tubes per cell)·Terra Industries, Oklahoma, USA

During a scheduled outage, Terra Industries found the 1,430°C insulating firebrick in both cells of its Foster-Wheeler terrace-wall reformer needed replacement, with insufficient IFB in stock. High-temperature ceramic fiber modules coated with Emisshield ST-17 were installed in the upper terrace instead. The coated modules radiated heat more uniformly than the original IFB and showed no shrinkage or ablation after eight months in service.

Uniform, more intense radiation
 
No shrinkage or ablation after 8 months
 
~980°C
 

01

The Challenge

The plant planned to replace a 5-inch section of IFB but found both cells needed it. With IFB unavailable, the alternative had to survive the upper terrace at about 980°C, radiate effectively to 190 tubes per cell, and last.

02

What Was Applied

Ceramic fiber modules installed in the upper terrace, with ST-17 sprayed onto the modules and no rigidizer.

Wide aerial view of a refinery complex

03

Why It Worked

The coating raises the module emissivity to 0.85 to 0.95 and seals the fiber surface, so the modules both out-radiate IFB and resist the shrinkage that limits uncoated fiber. See Ceramic fiber testing.

04

Summary of Results

MetricOriginal IFBCoated fiber modules
Heating of tubesUnevenUniform, more intense radiation
Surface appearanceBaselineDarker, evenly colored, cooler surface
Shrinkage or ablation after 8 monthsNone
Service temperature and life of fiberIncreased

Photographs showed the coated modules radiating more uniformly, with cooler coating temperature from increased radiation to the tubes, maintaining radiance uniformity and durability while reducing energy loss and maintenance frequency.

Next step

Operating the Same Asset?

Facing an IFB or fiber lining decision at the next outage? Send us the reformer data. We project the result from comparable documented installations.